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Author Page for Ben Ehrlich

BENJAMIN EHRLICH (Contributing Editor) is a writer living in New York City. In 2009 he earned a Bachelor of Arts degree with highest honors in Literary Studies from Middlebury College, where he was also a three-year member of the varsity basketball team. Ben is currently at work translating the non-scientific writings of Santiago Ramón y Cajal, the Nobel Prize-winning “father of modern neuroscience.” During the day he is known as “Dr. Recess,” as he holds a PhD in the Recess Arts from Recess University. His interdisplinary dissertation included a theoretical analysis of the Law in kickball team-picking, advanced wiffle ball physics, and Eastern methods of boo-boo healing. It is as yet unpublished.

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Sloan and Science on Screen

[ 0 ] January 18, 2012

Yesterday, the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation announced a nearly $500,000 dollar grant to the Science on Screen program.  Conceived by the Coolidge Corner Theatre, a beloved New England movie house whose foundation is dedicated to providing audiences with excellent and interesting cinematic experiences,  Science on Screen pairs feature films and presentations with lively presentations by science and technology experts.  In 2012 and 2013, 20 independent non-profit nationwide—up from 8 last year—will receive $7,000 dollar grants to develop their own Science on Screen programs.

For example, Randy Criss, Ph.D., of the University of South Florida Department of Physics explains the science behind Mel Brooks’ classic comedy “Young Frankenstein:”

Science on Screen

The Sloan Film Summit

[ 0 ] October 30, 2011

Two things happened on the last Saturday in October.  The first snow of the season came.  That was the first thing that happened, and unfortunate too, because there’s a leak in the boiler in my building, so gas doesn’t have the necessary pressure to make it up five flights of pre-war pipes.  At least that’s what the super told me in Spanish while we stood in the clouded basement, two men sharing in the sacred ritual of the steam (albeit in an accidental sauna).  But never mind that, because there was the second thing: later that day I attended my first summit, a meeting of important people, for film and science.  When I was invited all I could conjure was Camp David and G-8—20, but, to my knowledge, there were no heads of state there at the Museum of the Moving Image in Queens.

Every 3 years The Sloan Film Summit gathers filmmakers from around the world to privately discuss the eco political future of our planet . . . wait . . . !  what I mean to say is they’ve all received financial grants from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation for the creation of science-themed narratives for the lay public.  Directors who have previously participated in this program include Warner Herzog, Darren Aranofsky, and Julian Schnabel.  Presented by the Tribeca Film Institute, there were 70 attendees this year, filmmakers with projects at various developmental stages.

I saw a staged reading of seven screenplay excerpts, ranging from the historical to the hysterical.  Or both, in the cases of Noah Miller’s Project Alpha—about a 1979 parapsychology study featuring two full-of-shit teenage subjects—and Matthew Evans’ The Wizard of Sussex—about Charles Dawson and the “missing link” hoax of 1912.  The staged reading itself is the real transitional form, a display of work on the way from page to screen.  It was cool to be able to observe these midway moments in the development of films.

Next was a delightful panel—”From Science to Fiction”—featuring scientists Dr. Janna Levin and Dr. Stuart Firestein alongside three filmmakers.  I found out that after graduate students show professors their data, the professor will often say “So what’s the story here?”  Results are even re-organized superficially for the sake of making sense, at which point scientists can realize that they’re “missing a scene,” maybe, and so they go back and conduct another experiment.  Sounds familiar, because scientists and artists are both creative problem-solvers.  Their methods may differ, but any human being striving for discovery, striving for anything, has inherent drama.  It’s the job of Sloan grantees to erase, hover over, or fancy-foot across and back from whatever arbitrary lines might separate an audience from material.

Now for a true story of my own, one funny to me: I am sitting in the hospitality room at the summit drinking straight half-and-half that’s supposed to be for coffee, when in comes a caravan of caterers each wearing one latex glove and holding up a tray of assorted chocolate cookies as though they’re grapes for Cleopatra.  Milk, then cookies?  A formal logical fallacy I recognize as “affirming the consequent,” necessarily false.  I’m a little giddy because logic seems to have been trumped, and so I say to one caterer “Thanks dude!  You baked all of those cookies yourself?” and he looked right at me and gave me just the answer, nothing more: “No, I didn’t.”  I read his face, it was like the face of a lay man reading to a dense scientific abstract.

The Alfred P. Sloan Foundation is not dedicated to studying the phenomenon of why everyone doesn’t always laugh at every single one of my jokes.  The Sloan Foundation—through it’s Program for Public Understanding of Science and Technology—is dedicated to educating and engaging the public with science-themed books, radio, public and commercial television and film, theater, the Internet, and new media.  They’re distributing $10 million this year through all phases of the creative process, from commission to distribution.  I had the pleasure of chatting with Doron Weber, who runs the program, and he told me that in his 15 years he has seen science distilled more-and-more successfully into the mainstream.  There are 4 Sloan-supported feature films being released, and many more coming down the pipe.

Which leads me to a serious question: Would the Sloan Foundation pay for space heaters in my apartment, if I called them spacetime thermodynamos and wrote a story about it?  Because I’m working on it, in layers.

The Neuroscience of FIFA

[ 4 ] October 3, 2011

John Goshen just liked to play FIFA.

The videogame, designed in a yearly series by Electronic Arts since 1993, is played by millions of human beings on different home gaming systems and even mobile phones.  Over one hundred million copies have been sold.  Statistics show that most gamers are between 18-49, and male.  Goshen remembers playing a FIFA game for the first time in 2006.  “It was the World Cup edition,” he said.  “I played my buddy from down the hall in a best of 101 game series where we chose the teams randomly and you had to drink if you got beat by a team from a different continent.”  Goshen immediately knew he was a fan.  But did he know that his brain was a fan too?

That’s the question Andrew and Deidre Schimmelhorn—who are not scientists—sought to answer.  So the Schimmelhorns spent a lot of money on an fMRI machine, which measures change in blood flow related to the cellular activity of the brain.  ”Oh, we just moved some of the furniture around and put it right there in the living room!” Mrs. Schimmelhorn said.  Then the Schimmelhorns asked 6 subjects—including their son Brent—to participate non-invasive experiment.  ”They told me I was part of a universal phenomenon,” Goshen said.  “It sounded sick.”  The subjects were told that there would be a FIFA tournament following the experiment.

The results were staggering.  It turns out that one hundred percent of subjects experienced increased activity in an area of the brain called the insular cortex, believed to be the seat of speech, language, explicit memory, working memory, reasoning, pain, listening to emotional music, love, compassion, and now FIFA.  ”This area in their brain, sort of in the middle, was like fire,” Mr. Schimmelhorn described.  ”We Googled it and there seems to be a lot going on.”  Indeed, the activation was undeniable.  “I thought I was using my thumbs to control those miniature digital heroes.  But it’s really my brain, and my brain is totally into it,” said Toby Warren, 35, a digital consultant.  No matter the interpretation, there is now evidence that some organ in our body is responsible for the best video game ever.

Are all questions answered?  Of course not.  Many still wonder about what else the brain—that shriveled, gray serving of zombie food—may be involved in.  “I think the brain is maybe part of making the game,” Mrs. Schimmelhorn said.  The people who made the game were using their brains, just like my son!”  She added: “Maybe.”  John Goshen chose to think more deeply: “If I have a brain, and FIFA happens in this one part of my brain, then maybe I really love little Ronaldinho, and maybe there’s a special cell or something for when he scores a goal, and maybe there’s another cell for when he scores a golden goal, maybe it’s like a cell made out of gold, and maybe it’s called the Ronaldinho cell.”  Researchers cannot yet say that this is impossible, and so the new and exciting field of the neuroscience of FIFA has been born.

FRED Talks

[ 2 ] September 12, 2011

TED

We all know TED.  TED is great; he brings together the world’s “leading thinkers and doers.” TED costs $6000 and requires an invitation.

Now meet FRED!  FRED has great friends, who are also the world’s leading thinkers and doers.  But they aren’t famous, and you get to hear their ideas for free.

FRED

This Sunday, September 18th, at 7:00pm, FRED Talk #10 will take place at 5 Crosby Street #5H, NY, NY (Between Howard and Grand).  The lineup is:

1) “We See With Our Brains, Not With Our Eyes,” by NYU cognitive neuroscientist David Carmel.

2) “Portraits of the Mind: Visualizing the Brain from Antiquity to the 21st Century,” by Columbia neuroscience PhD candidate and author Carl Schoonover.

3) “Why Adults Should Watch Animation,” by animator, illustrator, and digital/motion effects artist Colleen Cox.

BYO! + $5 if you want Pizza…

The Thing That Discovers Itself

[ 0 ] August 24, 2011

What do a single cell, a simple organism, a Nobel Prize-winning scientist have in common?  Each has a life story.

In 2007, scientists discovered spherical and ellipsoidal forms preserved in the ancient sandstone slabs of Western Australia.  They were microfossils, impressions just a few millionths of a meter long, beyond invisible to the unmagnified eye.  But whatever they were, they were old.  Their chemical traces—carbon, sulfur, nitrogen, and phosphorous—date back approximately 3.4 billion years.  Because carbon and nitrogen are common elements in all living things, these newfound forms were once alive.  They were bacteria.  They fed off sulfur compounds.  They clung to sand grains in the sediment.  Dr. David Wacey from the University of Western Australia concluded that “early life was very simple, just single cells and small chains, some perhaps house in protective tubes.”[i] This could be the story of the first life on earth.

How many lives have come to pass on this planet?  An estimated one hundred billion human beings have existed.[ii] But we are just one species of roughly two million that are known.  Many more have yet to be undiscovered.  The National Science Foundation’s “Tree of Life” project estimates that there could be between five and one hundred million species present today.[iii] Then there are the extinct.  One popular claim holds that 99.9%of all species are long gone.[iv] Life has been present here on Earth for over three billion years.  Who knows how fruitful and multiplicative each species has been during its existence?

Despite the unknowable number and unimaginable variety of its forms, there is essential unity to life.  Every individual has descended from a common ancestor.[vi] We all take part in evolution, the process of change in genetic composition of a population due to both random and nonrandom mechanisms.  Our genes either do or do not endure, and those genes that have higher-than-average frequencies within the population can be considered fitter.  Evolution is an ongoing process of determining “What is more fit?”  We contribute data to this survey by shepherding our genes to the next generation.  So it goes, from generation to generation.  The arrow of time points forever forward; we must survive and pass on.  Because of the deep influence of evolution—from genes to species—patterns are conserved.  Genetic information is coded in the same basic molecular language: A, C, G, and T or U.[vii] All individuals are composed of cells, the smallest basic unit of life.  And the story of a life—of your life and all life—will unfold in a somewhat predictable way.

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Discover Cajal

[ 0 ] June 28, 2011

A new gallery at Discover Magazine online features images and text revealing the life and work of Santiago Ramón y Cajal, the “father of neuroscience.”  Cajal discovered neurons, which he called “butterflies of the soul,” and once remarked that “only true artists are attracted to science.”  Check the essay on this site “Portrait of the Scientist as a Young Artist” for the story of Cajal’s youth and coming of age as an anatomical investigator.

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